Ethical Dilemmas Responsibilities And The Case - 1808 Words

Ethical Dilemmas: Responsibilities and The Case Teianee-Kai Breznikar University of Southern Queensland Word count: 1602 Ethical Dilemmas: Responsibilities and The Case Banks (2006) claims that dilemmas occur when individuals encounter two equally unwelcoming alternatives for a choice, potentially involving a conflict of moral values. The assumption is both judgements can be affirmed; it constitutes situations in which individuals need to make choices given different equally compelling moral options. However, rarely are ethical choices simple; most decisions are restricted and invokes internal conflict as dilemmas highlight the differences and those conflicts when deciding on a course of action. The current literature contains a†¦show more content†¦In a strict teleological interpretation, all actions are morally neutral without the consideration of their consequences. Using this perspective, Alyssa should take the action that generates the greatest net benefit for all those affected by the dilemma. In contrast, deontology denotes an ethical perspective based on duty or obligation. Moral actions are assessed on the foundation of inherent rightness or wrongness rather than the primary consideration being of consequences (Nagel, 1986). From this perspective, Alyssa should take an action that disclosures and removes any questionable behaviors, no matter the consequences. If fundamental principles, for example if lives are violated, the action is always considered morally wrong, even if good outcomes ascended. Ethical Systems Adherence to independent moral duties or rules is what characterizes deontological moral systems. To make morally right decisions, an understanding of our own moral duties needs to be established and an acknowledgment on what correct rules exist to regulate those duties. If we are behaving morally, we have followed our duty; Jeffs and Smith (2005), state that a youth workers priority befalls performing duties that are good and right, despite whether it breaks the rules or calls you to question. Alyssa was ready to face any repercussions for her decision and felt it was herShow MoreRelatedEthical Values in Social Work Essay example1381 Words   |  6 Pagesvalues and ethical dilemmas What are values, ethics, ethical dilemmas and a code of ethics? Values relate to principles and attitudes that provide direction to everyday living. Values also refer to beliefs or standards considered desirable by a culture, group or individual (AASW). Similar to values, but slightly different, ethics means a system of beliefs held about what constitutes moral judgement and right conduct, they are moral principles (rules, guides) (AASW). So an ethical dilemma is thenRead MoreIdentification of Ethical and Legal Dilemmas1689 Words   |  7 PagesETHICAL DILEMMA In the current scenario, my client has been experiencing severe depression and suicidal tendencies. Through diagnosis, I have come to learn that she had been involved in a romantic relationship with her previous counselor during the counseling period. She also claims hat she has been having suicidal feelings since the romantic relationship was terminated six months ago. She accepts responsibility for the romantic relationship. It is to be seen what ethical and legal dilemmas areRead MoreEthics Game Reflective Journal1042 Words   |  5 PagesJournal Ethical dilemmas surface daily in professional nursing practice. Whether you work in acute care, long-term care, hospice care, ambulatory care, managed care, or public health care chances are you will be responsible for making decisions in a situation of ethical concern. The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the ethical issues presented in the Ethics Game simulation, the decision-making process used to determine the solution to the dilemma, and apply concepts from the Ethical LensesRead MoreEnrons Ethical Dilemma1118 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Enrons Ethical Dilemma: Ethical and moral issues have received substantial focus in the modern society because of the recent cases in which huge corporations with big profits and earnings have faced bankruptcy. Enron is an example of corporations that have faced bankruptcy in the recent past because of the numerous problems it had with federal and state governments for manipulation of financial statements. While these problems are not only attributed to organizational issues, accounting firmsRead MoreEthical Issues Of Business Environment850 Words   |  4 Pagesenvironment, companies can face a number of ethical issues that require making hard and often dissatisfying decisions. In this context, it is necessary to mind ethical norms as well as results of actions taken in order to keep the efficient communication across companies and keep the right balance in communication with colleagues, subordinates as well as mangers (Horton, 2015). Taking into consideration that there can be distinguished a range of ethical issues that pertain only to certain types ofRead MoreEthical Dilemmas1461 Words   |  6 PagesEthical dilemmas are common issues that every businessman has to face at their working environment. It is not such an easy task for businessman to have an ethical decision making, to choose what the â€Å"right† thing to do. In this following factual scenario, John also has to face some ethical dilemmas in his working environment and have difficulty to find appropriate solution. After a brief summary of the facts, I will discuss some ethical dilemmas which John is confronting and some approaches to ethicalRead MoreThe Ethics And Social Welfare1568 Words   |  7 PagesThe Case: Banks (2006) claims that dilemmas occur when individuals encounter two equally unwelcoming alternatives for a choice, potentially involving a conflict of moral values. The assumption is both judgements can be affirmed; it constitutes situations in which individuals need to make choices given different equally compelling moral options. However, rarely are ethical choices simple; most decisions are restricted and invokes internal conflict as dilemmas highlight the differences and those conflictsRead MoreHow Dnr Causes an Ethical Dilemma Essay1694 Words   |  7 PagesRunning Head: HOW DNR CAUSES AN ETHICAL DILEMMA How DNR Causes an Ethical Dilemma Deann Morgan HCA 322, Health Care Ethics and Medical Law Dr. David Cole January 22, 2010 Abstract This paper will present an argument of how the process of do not resuscitate (DNR) results in an ethical dilemma for workers in the healthcare field. In presenting the argument, thisRead MoreThe Decision Making Of The Ethical Behavior Model Essay1740 Words   |  7 Pagescreating an ethical dilemma and similarly, to explore and present a decision making model used to work through the dilemma. The study found ways that can assist forensic counselors with this common issue that has prompted numerous legalities filed against them by their evaluees such as, identifying stakeholders and interpreting the situation through awareness and fact finding. Tarvydas’s integrative decision-making of the ethical behavior model can also be essential in solving ethical dilemmas becauseRead MoreThe Ethical Dilemma Of A Family Nurse Practitioner1375 Words   |  6 PagesAs a family nurse practitioner (FNP), we have the responsibility to provide the best care we can with the patientâ€⠄¢s best interest at heart. On a daily basis we deal with the needs and wants of our patients, this alone provides an ethical dilemma. What we think is best and what our patients want could in fact create an ethical dilemma, however, when we have an ethical dilemma, it is our responsibility to get to a decision with caring, respect, an open mind and honesty to our patients (Parker, 2007)

A Trip Down Memory Lane - 1924 Words

A trip down memory lane, I still remember when I was a child sitting by my grandmother while she was holding with one hand Arabic censer (Mabkhara), that contains a small alum burning over a piece of charcoal, and waving the smoke that was coming out of the burning flames with the other hand. She would move the Mabkhara in circles, chant a special rhythm and keep staring at the burning alum. During this exciting ritual, we, the granddaughters, and my aunts gather around my grandmother sharing our wonders, disapprovals and laughs as we were unable to fathom the perplexity of what my grandmother do. Yet, we were excited and watching her distancing the evil eye that delayed my youngest aunt’ pregnancy. As my grandmother continued her†¦show more content†¦In particular, when it comes to explanation and causation of sickness, misfortune, and illness. In this paper, I will focus on how people in the middle east use the evil eye concept to interpret the health and illness ex perience. Yet, before diving into the illness and evil eye among middle easterners, I would describe the origin and the mechanism of the evil eye; who can give the evil eye? How does the evil eye provoke? Who is the victim? What are the effects of it? What are the common rituals to treat and prevent the evil eye? The evil eye is not exclusive phenomena among middle eastern. It is a historical belief that could be traced back to the Acadian, Assyrian, and Mesopotamian. Today, this belief is still widely sprawled among many nations such as Italy, Greece, Arab countries, Spain, Portugal, India, Latin America, North Africa, Scotland, and the immigrant Americans who have emigrated from those countries. Each culture has it is own influences on the notion of the evil eye beliefs, and practices in the evil eye. Nonetheless, there are some shared concepts features of the eye belief and practice that historically and currently remain popular among cultures that believe in the evil eye. Elliott (2016), gave an intriguing and almost comprehensive anthropological analysis that summarize these key features. First, the strike objective or person (looking at) usually is in a bloom status or has a value. The power that causesShow MoreRelatedFamily and Grandma788 Words   |  4 Pagessure. I would be happy to. But after I thought about it for a bit I panicked! I thought what should I say, where do I begin;What should people know; whats most important, I went to bed stressing about writing something special. When I finally sat down the next day to write about grandma, I thought and thought. I wrote and scratched and threw out paper after paper. I wanted to include so many things that my mind was scattered in every direction. I wanted so much to make sure it sounded right; thatRead MoreHow Videos And Newspapers How They Use Advertising Concepts1167 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many parts of an advertisement some which include,the background and plot, the design, and concepts like tone, mood and symbols. The ad itself is a story about a family who is going on a road trip, to find the tree where the grandmother met the grandfather. The family take the road trip in their Subaru and along the way, the audience experiences a bonding sequences, of the grandmother and granddaughter. This story is an advertisement is for a Subaru outback, which is a car. A car is veryRead More Graduation Speech Essay662 Words   |  3 PagesGood evening. A couple weeks ago, I was attempting to clean my room when I unearthed an old yearbook from my days in middle school. Rather absentmindedly I opened the book to browse through it. However, before long I became immersed in the memories brought back to life and quickly lost track of time. Over an hour later, I set the book aside and marveled at how much had changed since then. Not only had people changed physically, but they had also changed their friends, habits and behaviors. FurthermoreRead MoreAnalysis of Setting: the Scent of Apples by Bienvenido Santos1023 Words   |  5 Pagesthe promise of winter; additionally the way Santos describes the setting further exemplifies this nostalgia and isolation from home. The absence of home is introduced by Santos’s description of the, which creates a somber tone by describing the memory their son who had gone away to war. He uses that setting, the boy being away for war, to establish exile or loneliness; additionally he adds the boy’s absence from the familiar icy winds, changing golden leaves, and the fragrance of apples to furtherRead MoreCamping At Devils Lake953 Words   |  4 Pagesand a place where I can create memories with my family and friends. The secluded outdoors, away from cities, is a place broken away from the chains of society. Though campgrounds still have rules, the rules instituted our quite lax in both definition and enforcement. People can often do a lot more in a campground or in nature reserves than in cities or even towns. A minor example of this would be the use of bicycles, in a city bicycles need to ride in the bike lane on the right side of the roadRead MoreAnalysis of Setting: the Scent of Apples by Bienvenido Santos1038 Words   |  5 Pagesthe promise of winter; additionally the way Santos describes the setting further exemplifies this nostalgia and isolation from home. The absence of home is introduced by Santos’s description of the, which creates a somber tone by describing the memory their son who had gone away to war. He uses that setting, the boy being away for war, to establish exile or loneliness; additionally he adds the boy’s absence from the familiar icy winds, changing golden leaves, and the fragrance of apples to furtherRead More The Power of Memory Essays843 Words   |  4 PagesThe Power of Memory It never seizes to amaze me how different colors, tastes, smells, and sounds can take us back to an event in our lives long forgotten. Its astounding how we can recall events with such clarity, though sometimes our memories are tainted with the hue of the dominant emotion we may have felt at the time. We look at our present through the memories of our past experiences. Scanning through different stations on the radio, it seems like all the stations are playing theRead MoreSummer Road Trip1174 Words   |  5 PagesMy Summer Road Trip The late June Texas sun was hot as it came through the window of my Caliber. I had begun my road trip to the lake house in Mineola early that morning. I had dressed for comfort, wearing my blue shorts and my favorite worn out tee, I knew it was going to be a long hot drive. As I drove down the road, I soon realized that I had never been anywhere alone before. This was a new feeling to me, one of strength and fear rolled into one. While fighting the traffic to get out of townRead MoreAdversity Essay630 Words   |  3 PagesCarla G. Guzman Penn State University OLEAD 409 Leadership Development Adversity Essay Successful business leaders — or people in general — don’t give up when adversity strikes. They find the ways and means to carry on. Sometimes, it takes a trip to hell and back to really open your eyes. And sometimes, really opening your eyes can change your whole life. (Pirouz, 2015). This essay will focus to explain how past life experiences shape leaders’ character and skills in order to leverage on adversityRead MoreEssay Thinking1352 Words   |  6 Pagesseveral times and tried to bring it to life to write an intelligent paper on it, I had to search my memory for the actions that made me think, learn, act and react. So, I took a trip down memory lane and thought back to my childhood and started thinking of my elementary school days, high school days, military days, right on through to raising my children and now attempting college myself. What a trip! I’m not sure if I am learning anything or if I just keep going to see where I will wind up. At any

Children and Young Peoples Development free essay sample

This is a very fast period of physical development. As newborn babies have very little control over their bodies especially their heads. Movements are linked to their reflexes which they need in order to survive. In the first year however they will learn to have more control over their bodies so that by the time they hit 12 months most babies will have developed some degree of motorbility i. e. crawling/rolling. As they begin their second year babies will continue to grow and develop and walking begins. They begin to use 0 – 3 Years From birth many adults will try to communicate with babies even though they know they are not able to understand and communicate back. It is important to communicate with babies as it helps to stimulate and is good for them to feel that people are interested in them. For those babies who are not communicated with from an early age it is found that they struggle to learn the skills of effective communication later on in life. Babies will enjoy songs and games, most will begin to attempt to speak at approximately 12 months, this can either be earlier and can be later. Between the age of one and two years babies start to put words together and they will be a bit more pronounced. Their vocabulary starts to increase rapidly so that by the time they reach the age of 2 they will know in the region of 200 words. Between two and three years they will start to use plurals in their speech, using negatives as well. Grammatically there are still errors being made such as â€Å"I drawed it† 3 – 7 Years This age is when children become more social and vocal. They will use familiar phrases and expressions. They will be very questionable. Skills will improve especially in the fine motor skills department with them learning how to read and write. 7 – 12 Years Children will be refining their skills of reading and writing, they will become more fluent in their mother tongue and as thus will enable them to discuss ideas and understand their learning a lot better. They will begin to form their own ideas and vocalise these. 12 – 18 Years Young people now have a firm idea of their likes and dislikes. They will find that in the areas that they have their favourite ideas and subjects and will often pour all their efforts into it. They will be at an emotional time selecting GCSE’s and A Levels and as the year’s progress taking them. Many young people through this time often lack confidence and avoid situations which they are not comfortable. 16 – 19 Years As young people come to leaving full time education or continuing onto college, 6th Form and then University, they are filled with lots of choices, these can often be overwhelming. c)Social, Emotional and Behavioural Development 0-3 Years All children need help in finding out who they are and their personalities. All babies need to form strong attachment, most of the time this is with the primary caregiver, namely the mother. As a child begins nursery, some starting a lot earlier than others, they are allocated a Key Worker, this is the person that they typically have the strongest bond. All children at this stage will have tantrums, these mainly occur though frustration, simply because they cannot vocalise what they want. They will start to be encouraged to do things for themselves and this is very important in their social development. 3 – 7 Years At this age the children are finding out their identities. They will be developing their imagination and will socialise using this kind of play, including role play which they use to help define the different areas in their life, ie playing mummies and babies, doctors. They will often play in a fantasy land, fairies and the like. They are beginning to understand the purpose of rules and why they have to follow them. It is important to start delegating responsibilities to the children once they srart school. They thrive off approval at this age. 7 – 12 Years Friendships should become less tempestuous and more solid, giving children confidence in themselves. They require the chance to be more independent although will still need guidance, praise and encouragement. They will be very self aware of others thoughts and feelings towards themselves. 12 – 16 Years Self esteem at this age can be very vulnerable; this is typically because of the start of puberty. Although the body may have taken on the physical signs of adulthood their maturity is still catching up and may act very childish at times. They will want to be independent and spend more time with their peers. Sometimes they may not know how to act in their surroundings and struggle with the pressures of growing up and the expectations which are being thrust upon them. 16 – 19 Years These are young adults now. They will accept criticism and will need guidance and advice from adults around them. They will lack experience in areas and as they are individuals will vary in emotional maturity. Girls, as written previously will reach emotional maturity before the males. 1. 2Describe with examples how different aspects of development can affect one another. Although we have different headings for development, we are advised to remember that all aspects of child and young person’s development interlock. For example someone’s physical development also affects a person’s ability to become grow in confidence, thus helping them become independent and socialise well. 2. 1Describe with examples the kinds of influences that affect children and young peoples development including a)Background All pupils come from different backgrounds, environment, cultures and circumstances, no two children are the same. Many families have issues which they may be going through at home and haven’t informed school about. These can be one of many things, typically they can include, family break ups, the introduction of a new partner, bereavement in the family. These all have a major impact on a child’s development. b)Health If pupils suffer from poor health, physical disability or impairment it may restrict their developmental opportunities. For example a child who has a physical impairment may be unable or less able to participate in some activities. Emotionally this will have impacted the child as they will be in some cases be aware of their needs and may feel excluded. It is important as a school that we recognise the child’s inclusion in all aspects of schools. c)Environment We have to remember that a child’s environment is very important to their upbringing; they may live in areas of poverty or deprivation and thus struggle to thrive and respond to situations in school. If a child is a looked after child this can also affect development as they may not be achieving their targets. These children are very closely monitored by outside agencies and therefore any problems are easily addressed. 2.2 Describe with examples the importance of recognising and responding to concerns about children and young people’s development. If you have any concerns with a child’s development then it is imperative that you share your thoughts with others, initially this should be to the child’s class teacher who should refer the issues to the SENCO. In a secondary school you may wish to go straight to the SENCO. Often concerns will have been noted by others and it is important to inform others of your concerns as well. If possible you should give dates and examples for the reasons for your concerns so that they can be backed up. We must remember that the school should always inform the parents of any concerns which they may have with the child. 3. 1 Identify the transitions experienced by most children and young people. The transitions which are experienced by most children and young people are usual. Many involve the transition from home to pre-school, starting mainstream education, and in school life passing through year group to year group. If your school is only an infant school the child will have the transition from infant to junior school and then the transition to high school. Simple things like changes in timetable at school to change of staffing. The other change which will occur is that of puberty. 3. 2 Identify the transitions that only some children and young people may experience. The transitions that only some children and young people may experience are:- Bereavement Parental separation Parental change of partner The birth of a new sibling Moving house Change of carer (for looked after children) Illness or injury 3. 3 Describe with examples how transitions may affect children and young people’s behaviour and development. Transitions can affect children’s behaviour and development in many ways. We need to ensure that children in school feel secure and have positive relationship at all times but especially during these testing and upsetting times for them. An example of how the transition of bereavement may affect the child is that they may become withdrawn and quiet, be anxious and display uncharacteristic behaviour. Another example of a transition is that if a child is moving through year groups or schools, it may appear an exiting time and rightly so it is, but for some children, they struggle with this change and this is when they may begin to show uncharacteristic behaviour. In order to support children through this time we encourage visits to classrooms, meeting the teachers and support staff and giving them taster sessions. If a child is moving to their Junior School, visits are welcomed, open days/evenings, meeting the staff and giving them a taster of a day in the life at the new school. Many schools offer a buddy system whereby they have a child which they are friendly with from the same school, paired into the same class. This often creates something familiar for the child as well which eases the transition.

Operatinal Efficiency of Mumbai Dabbawala by Amol Dhok Essay Example

Operatinal Efficiency of Mumbai Dabbawala by Amol Dhok Essay Amol Ramesh Dhok under the guidance and supervision of Dr. V. G. Dhanakumar, Professor of Quality, Extension and Operations Management, Indian Institute of Plantation Management Bangalore, (IIPM) and no part of this Paper has been submitted for any other degree, diploma or publication in any other form. The assistance and help received during the Completion of this Synthesis Paper and source of literature have been duly acknowledged. (V. G. Dhanakumar) Place: IIPM, Bangalore. Dated: -21-12-2009 ABSTRACT Mumbai Dabbawala system is a unique system in Logistics and supply chain management dedicate to millions of employees whose firms are adapting six sigma methodologies to improve customer satisfaction, work process, profitability, speed efficiency of all kinds. Study of Mumbai Dabbawala generally carries the practice of six sigma which tell total management commitment philosophy of excellence, customer focus, process improvement rule of measurement rather than gut feel. Their way of doing business has, therefore, become a case study destination for every management guru and B-school. CII arranged interface for who’s who of industry and business to share great management lessons from them. Their mission is to serve their customers who are mainly office goers by delivering their lunch boxes at their doorstep on time. They have 5,000 people on their payroll to ensure the prompt deliver. They steal all attention just because their service is of Six Sigma qualities. We will write a custom essay sample on Operatinal Efficiency of Mumbai Dabbawala by Amol Dhok specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Operatinal Efficiency of Mumbai Dabbawala by Amol Dhok specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Operatinal Efficiency of Mumbai Dabbawala by Amol Dhok specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Six Sigma is a process that helps organizations focus on delivering near-perfect products and services. If you use Six Sigma you can measure how many defects there are in a process and can systematically figure out how to eliminate them and try and achieve zero-defect status. I will show you how six sigma makes you more competitive at every level. Six sigma eliminates wasteful variation, changes business culture and sustain greater productivity, profitability and customer satisfaction rate. Dabbawala is excellent example of six sigma and most of the company should use this technique which are getting the defects in their business and who want to improve their business condition. It will show you how it could help your company to save money and make customer happier. INTRODUCTION The six sigma story began with the Motorola in 1980 where it was first developed and proven. By changing the way you look at the process, by understanding vital few factors that cause waste, error, and rework you can improve the ability of your processes to deliver higher quality to your customer and lower to cost. Although most have heard the phrase Six Sigma, which has been an industry term ever since Motorola introduced the concept in 1986, many still do not know just what Six Sigma really is. For many business organizations and by general definition Six Sigma is the measure of quality that strives for near perfection. It is a disciplined, data-driven methodology focused on eliminating defects. A Six Sigma defect is defined as anything that falls outside of a customers specifications. The results reported below by Six Sigma companies are convincing about its contribution to industry. How many customers can your business afford to lose? How much money can your company afford to lose because of mistakes? Why accept it as normal to be running processes at only three sigma or four sigma when, by changing the way you manage your processes, you could get a lot closer to six sigma all resulting benefits. Mumbai Dabbawala is an excellent example to construed execute six sigma after Motorola. Using an elaborate system of color-coded boxes to convey over 170,000 meals to their destinations each day, the 5,000-strong Dabbawala collective has built up an extraordinary reputation for the speed and accuracy of its deliveries†¦ The system the Dabbawala have developed over the years revolves around strong teamwork and strict time-management†¦ The meals are then delivered-99. 9999% of the time, to the right address. By considering this fantastic example you can bring lot of changes in your business. Methodology of Mumbai dabbawala is excellent example of six sigma, JIT, TQM. Companies who are getting losses if they use dabbawala concept they will definitely improve their position in business world. Mumbai dabbawala Before cutting to the management mantras, lets understand a few facts about dabbawallas. The origin of the Dabbawalas lunch delivery service dates back to the 1890s during the British raj. At that time, people from various communities migrated to Mumbai for work. As there were no canteens or fast food centers then, if working people did not bring their lunch from home, they had to go hungry and invariably, lunch would not be ready when they left home for work. Besides, different communities had different tastes and preferences which could only be satisfied by a home-cooked meal. Recognizing the need, Mahadeo Havaji Bacche (Mahadeo), a migrant from North Maharashtra, started the lunch delivery service. For his enterprise, Mahadeo recruited youth from the villages neighboring Mumbai, who were involved in agricultural work. They were willing to come as the income they got from agriculture was not enough to support their large families, and they had no education or skills to get work in the city. The service started with about 100 Dabbawalas and cost the client Rs. 2 a month. Gradually, the number of Dabbawalas increased and the service continued even though the founder was no more. Their mission is to serve their customers who are mainly office goers by delivering their lunch boxes at their doorstep on time. They have 5,000 people on their payroll to ensure the prompt delivery of lunchboxes within Mumbai; these delivery boys travel by local trains and use bicycles or walk to reach every nook and corner of Mumbai. The lunch boxes are delivered exactly at 12. 30 pm. Later, the empty boxes are collected and taken back to the homes, catering services or hotels before 5 pm. In fact, the next time you forget to strap on your watch before leaving for office, dont be surprised to find it in the lunchbox container brought by the dabbawalla from your home! On an average, every Tiffin box changes hands four times and travels 60-70 kilometers in its journey to reach its eventual destination. Each box is differentiated and sorted along the route on the basis of markings on the lid, which give an indication of the source as well as the destination address. NMTBSA (Nutan Mumbai Tiffin Box Suppliers Association) What is NMTBSA Nutan Mumbai Tiffin Box Suppliers Association About NMTBSA History : Started in 1980 Average Literacy Rate  Ã‚  Ã‚   : 8th Grade Schooling Average Area Coverage   : 60 Km per Tiffin Box Employee Strength  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      : 5000 Number of Tiffin’s  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   : 2,00,000 Tiffin Boxes,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   i. e. , 4,00,000 transactions every day Time Taken  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   : 3 hours (9 am 12 pm delivery of carriers,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2 pm 5 pm collection of empty carriers) Cost of Service  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   : Rs. 200/- Rs. 300/- per month Turnover  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   : Rs. 50 core per month approx. ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE PRESIDENT VICE PRESIDENT GENERAL SECRETARY TREASURER DIRECTORS (9) MUKADAM MEMBERS (5000) How the dabba is delivered? ? The first dabbawalla picks up the Tiffin from home and takes it to the nearest railway station. ? The second dabbawalla sorts out the dabbas at the railway station according to destination and puts them in the luggage carriage. ? The third one travels with the dabbas to the railway stations nearest to the destinations. ? The fourth one picks up dabbas from the railway station and drops them of at the offices. ? The process is reversed in the evenings. Dabbawala methodology ? Error is horror, said Talekar while explaining the operational motto. In the event of a dabbawalla meeting with an accident en route, alternative arrangements are made to deliver the lunch boxes. For example, in a group of 30 dabbawallas catering to an area, five people act as redundant members; it is these members who take on the responsibility of delivering the dabbas in case of any untoward happenings. ? The dabbawallas must be extremely disciplined. Consuming alcohol while on duty attracts a fine of Rs 1,000. Unwarranted absenteeism is not tolerated and is treated with a similar fine. Every dabbawalla gets a weekly off, usually on Sunday. ? The Gandhi cap serves as a potent symbol of identification in the crowded railway stations. Not wearing the cap attracts a fine of Rs 25. ? There are no specific selection criteria like age, sex or religion; however, I have never seen a female dabbawalla. The antecedents of the candidates are thoroughly verified and a n ew employee is taken into the fold for six-month probation. After that period, the employment is regularized with a salary of Rs 5,000 a month. Need of the study of the dabbawala As management students, there was a lot that we learnt from this lecture,†. The belief that technology is indispensable to solve complex problems was shattered. FMCGs and other industries can learn a lot from the simple supply chain logistics and efficient reverse logistics (transfer of empty lunch boxes to the source location), ~ The concept of multi-level coding (co lour coding on the lunch boxes for identification) and reverse logistics can be implemented in industries as diverse as soft drinks (where logistics becomes an important aspect, transporting the filled bottles to retailers and collecting empty bottles back to the plants), pharmaceuticals and other FMCG areas. For example, can the bar coding mechanism (a computerized format) which is prevalent and expensive, be simplified with just colors/ number coding? In small and medium scale organizations where bar coding systems would require a lot of resources, these systems can prove to be very efficient and cost effective. Moreover, the dependence on technology could be drastically reduced. The learning’s for a working executive are enormous too. Managers and executives alike spend a lot of their valuable time learning various concepts in people and time management. Newer mechanisms like Customer Relationship Management, etc, have been developed to assist executives in the same. But, in the midst of implementing technology and IT, basic principles in people management, sustainable relationship development and customer satisfaction have lost their meaning. Our friendly dabbawallas are a perfect example of an important principle of both business and management the thirst to serve customers in a simple yet effective fashion without falling into the technology trap. I think this is an aspect which needs to be re-learnt and implemented in any organization today. What is six sigma? The Six Sigma quality certification was established by the International Quality Federation in 1986, to judge the quality standards of an organization. According to an article published in Forbes magazine in 1998, one mistake for every eight million deliveries constitutes Six Sigma quality standards. The Six-sigma rating means that they have 99. 99 % efficiency in delivering the lunch-boxes to the right people. That put them on the list of Six Sigma rated companies, along with multinationals like Motorola and GE. Achieving this rating was no mean feat, considering that the Dabbawalas did not use any technology or paperwork, and that most of them were illiterate or semiliterate. †¢ A statistical measure of the process or a product. †¢ A goal that reaches near perfection for performance improvement. †¢ A system of management to achieve lasting business leadership world-class performance. The six sigma approach to managing is all about helping you identify what you don’t know as well as emphasizing what you should know, and taking action to reduce the errors and rework that cost you time, money, pportunity and customers. The goal of six sigma is to help the people processes aim high in aspiring to deliver defect free product and services. Many companies believe that dealing with errors is just part of cost of doing business. But you don’t have to accept that faulty logic. With six sigma you can eliminate most errors, reduce your cost, and better satisfy customer. Es sential of the six sigma methodology †¢ Define the project, goals, deliverable to customers. †¢ Measure the current performance of the process. †¢ Analyze and determine the root cause of the defects. Improve process of eliminate defects. †¢ Control the performance of the process. Working of NMTBSA beyond the six sigma! Fantastic team work!!! Almost no errors in spite that the Dabba changes hand about six times ? The collection and delivery has to happen by lunch time ? It is amazing organization ? Approximately 5000 people working ? It is over 100 year old They carry Tiffin (Lunch box) from the home of customer and carry it to their workplace of work. e. g. from say housewife in Virar will give Dabba to him which will be delivered at Air India bldg on 11floor by lunch time (1 p. m. . They work with clockwork precision, but without computer program! They even brought couple of actual dabbawala to speak (he made an excellent power point presentation) ? Even Prince Charles and many other are wondering how they are sorting the dabbas so precisely. They use cycle, local train or they are on foot. Even in heavy floods they deliver. Lacs of people get cooked home made food. You must have seen such dabbawalas in Mumbai. Error Rate: 1 in 16 million transactions ? Six Sigma performance (99. 999999) ? Technological Backup: Nil. ? Cost of service Rs. 300/month ($ 6. 00/month) Standard price for all (Weight, Distance, Space) ? Rs. 36 Cr. Turnover approx. ? [6000*12*5000=360000000 i. e. Rs. 36 crore p. a. ] ? Earnings -5000 to 6000 p. m. ? Zero % fuel Zero % investment ? Zero % modern technology Zero % Disputes 99. 9999% performance 100 % Customer Satisfaction. DISCIPLINE ? No Alcohol Drinking during business hours ? Wearing White Cap during business hours ? Carry Identity Cards ANALYZED FROM THE MICHAEL PORTERS FIVE FORCES MODEL I. Threat of new entrants: According to Porter, the threat new entrant is dangerous to any organization as it can take away the market share the organization enjoys. Started in 1880, the experience curve of the 125-year-old dabbawalla service serves as a huge entry barrier for potential competitors. Besides, it would be difficult to replicate this supply chain network that uses Mumbais jam-packed local trains as its backbone. ii. Current competition: Porters five forces theory states that strategy is determined by a unique combination of activities that deliver a different value proposition than competitors or the same value proposition in a better way. The dabbawallas do face competition from fast food joints as well as office canteens. However, since neither of these serves home food, the dabbawallas core offering remains unchallenged. They have also tied up with many catering services and hotels to cater to the vast number of office goers. iii. Bargaining power of buyers: The delivery rates of the dabbawallas are so nominal (about Rs 300 per month) that one simply wouldnt bargain any further. Also, their current monopoly negates any scope of bargaining on the part of their customers. Thus, we encounter a perfect win-win combination for the customers as well as the dabbawallas. iv. Bargaining power of sellers: The dabbawallas use minimum infrastructure and practically no technology, hence they are not dependent on suppliers. Since they are a service-oriented organization, they are not dependent on sellers to buy their product. Hence, sellers do not assume any prominence as would be the case in a product-oriented company. The strategy map framework in Porters theory allows companies to identify and link together the critical internal processes and human, information and organization capital that deliver the value proposition differently or better. Human capital is the greatest driving force in the dabbawalla community; as a result, they are not dependent on suppliers or technology, thus negating the sellers power in the equation. v. Threat of a new substitute product or service: As substitutes to home cooked food are not seen as a viable alternative in the Indian scenario, the threat to the dabbawalla service is not an issue at least in the foreseeable future. This gives them a leeway to probably expand their already existing network into newer cities as demand increases in these places as well. Dabbawala and six sigma!! Mumbai’s 5000 plus Dabbawalas are world famous for their impeccable service standards. They pick up lunch boxes/ Tiffin carriers from over 2,00,000 homes/ apartments, deliver them to some 80,000 destinations and again ensure their safe return to those homes/ apartments – all on the same day with each lap of journey en route accomplished within the specified time limits. The people at work are not from any high academic background; rather many of them are almost illiterate. They face the same crowded pavements, on-road dense vehicular traffic and overloaded suburban trains, which normal office goers often give excuses for their late comings. Their way of doing business has, therefore, become a case study destination for every management guru and B-school. CII arranged interface for who’s who of industry and business to share great management lessons from them. A Dabbawala figured among a handful few from India who got invitations to witness the marriage ceremony of Prince Charles. Sometime back, there was lso an All-Dabbawala ‘Deal Ya No Deal’ show in Sony Entertainment TV. They steal all attention just because their service is of Six Sigma quality. Every business concern is made of a number of interrelated processes. When inputs are made to traverse through a process, they result into certain outputs (products services) serving either internal or external customers. A process is termed as industrial or commercial depending on wheth er 80% or more of the values derived are from machinery or from human activity, respectively. No matter how perfect a process is, no product/ service will come conforming to exact targeted specifications. It would always vary. However, when it varies within certain Lower Specification Limit (LSL) and Upper Specification Limit (USL) as acceptable/ agreed to or specified by the customers, then it is considered to be defect free or quality product/ service. Further, every opportunity of delivering a product/ service is also wrought with an opportunity for the occurrence of defect. When the Defects per Million Opportunity (DPMO) don’t exceed 3. 4, the process is said to have met Six Sigma level. And Mumbai Dabbawalas’ DPMO is less than 3. 4 or precisely, it is 2! ‘Sigma (r)’ denotes ‘Standard deviation’ – a statistical measure of dispersion/ variance. It is the positive square root of the arithmetic mean of the squares of deviations of given observations from their arithmetic mean. Say, it is a midsummer and your organization wants to hold a three-hour business plan meet of your 100 sales persons. You look for a conference hall with right facilities and ambience, especially the room temperature which should be maintained throughout at 2210 C. And two hotels in the city also promised the same. When measured at every half an-hour interval in the one where you held your meet, it read as 18, 28, 30, 24, 20 and 18; the arithmetic mean value and ‘r’ being 23 and 4. 7, respectively. Whereas, had you gone to the other hotel, other things remaining same, the observed values of the room temperature would have been say, 23, 22, 24, 22, 23 24. Although the mean was the same 23, the ‘r’ being less at 0. 8, the service of the second hotel was more qualitative and would have given you more satisfaction. Hence the saying, ‘Company may celebrate mean but customers are bothered by the variance’. However, its process was still not conforming to Six Sigma level. With two observed values out of six not meeting the customer expectations (22! 10 C), the DPMO worked out to 333,333. 33 (i. e. , 2/6 multiplied by 1,000,000), which was hugely far from the required 3. 4! Benefits of higher Sigma level* Sigma Level |DPMO |Cost of quality | |2 |308,537 |Not applicable | |3 |66,807 |25-40% of sales | |4 |6,210 (Industry Average) |15-25% of sales | |5 |233 |5-15% of sales | |6 |3. 4 (World class) |lt; 1% of sales | | | | | The figures in third column indicate that if, for example, you purchase a product at Rs. 10,000/- from a company operating at 4 Sigma Level, you are being made to pay about Rs. 1500-2500/- (i. e. , 15-25% of sale price) towards the cost of inefficient processes deployed by the company to manufacture the item. Putting it in other way, the company concerned can reduce the price of the product by Rs. 500-2500/- if it fixes its faulty processes or improves/ recreates the processes. This measure would also help the company to increase its market share tremendously. Why do six sigma? Six sigma allows you to achieve the constancy of the purpose that is secret to success, focusing your efforts on understanding the variation in your processes and defects that results. Here are the basic results. Money Money is generally most important reason for using six sigma. Here are few questions to consider: †¢ What is cost of scrap? †¢ What is cost of rework? †¢ What is cost of excessive cycle times and delay? †¢ What is total cost of poor quality in your organization? What is cost of business loss because customers are dissatisfied with your product? Do you know the answers of these questions in terms rupee. If so then you know how important it is to reduce process variation and defects. If not, then you need to get the knowledge that gives you power to make necessary changes. Customer satisfaction Six sigma focuses on the critical- to quality expectation of your customers than what matter most. By using six sigma management methods, your company can target the vital few factors in your processes that are allowing variations and defects that keep you from meeting the critical to quality expectation of your customers. Quality Another reason for using six sigma is the value and impact of committing to quality as a very particular way. Consider only following advantages of improving quality †¢ It inspires employees. †¢ It instills a culture and an attitude. †¢ It creates an image in the market †¢ It attracts investors. Growth As you identify and correct process variation, you save expanses which mean money to invest in growing your business. As you meet requirement and expectation of your customers more effectively and achieve higher customer satisfaction you increase your income which means money to invest in growing your business. Competitive advantages Six sigma allows you to become more competitive regionally, nationally or globally. A company that reduces its costs of doing business, meets the expectation of its customers more effectively earns reputation for quality and pride will certainly enjoy advantages over its competitor. Conclusion Six Sigma, as developed by Dabbawala, is an extension of many existing quality tools and techniques, but with the addition of business accountability. This resulted in process improvement gains that increased productivity and profitability. Six Sigma organizations become forward moving organizations by adapting new tools and techniques and overcoming learning disabilities. A gauge of quality and efficiency, Six Sigma is also a measure of excellence. Embarking on a Six Sigma programme means delivering top-quality service and products while virtually eliminating all internal inefficiencies. A true Six Sigma organization produces not only excellent product but also maintains highly efficient production and administrative systems that work effectively with the companys other service processes. In administrative processes, Six Sigma may mean not only the obvious reduction of cycle time during production but, more importantly, optimizing response time to inquiries, maximizing the speed and accuracy with which inventory and materials are supplied, and fool proofing such support processes from errors, inaccuracies and inefficiency). Much can be achieved from programmes like Six Sigma with the active, consistent, innovative, continuous and widely apparent participation by top management. When implemented strategically, Six Sigma can help companies turn over working capital faster, reduce capital spending, make existing capacity available, produce better results from the design and RD functions. Such outcomes also foster a working environment that stimulates employee development, motivation, morale empowerment and commitment. References ? www. google. com ? Six Sigma for managers Greg brue ? What is six Sigma Pete Pande and Larry Holpp ? www. wiki. compedia ? www. Mumbai dabbawala. com 13 MEMBERS GENERAL SECRETARY

Education policy in Hong Kong Essays

Education policy in Hong Kong Essays Education policy in Hong Kong Essay Education policy in Hong Kong Essay How does the public assistance Regime influence the Education Policy in Hong Kong Introduction Hong Kong is a little city state that began under British colonialism as trading centres. And now, Hong Kong becomes the well-known World s prima international fiscal centres, free trade and transportation centres. There are many arguments over the public assistance government of Hong Kong. Different bookmans have different positions on Hong Kong public assistance governments. Tang ( 1993 ) said that there is no bing public assistance government theoretical account is applicable to Hong Kong. Wong ( 2008 ) argued that Hong Kong adopted a particular public assistance attack that is a complex mix of different public assistance theoretical accounts. However, no affair some bookmans have suggested there is no applicable public assistance government or a assorted public assistance government in Hong Kong, base on the bookThe Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalismthat written by the most identifies individual to recent comparative societal policy Gosta Esping-Andersen, we believe that Hong Kon g is closely parallel to the categorization of broad public assistance government in term of a treble typology of societal democratic, conservative and broad public assistance governments. The Characteristics of Liberal Welfare Regimes Liberal Welfare Regime implies a fringy function of province, it merely supply minimal aid and support for the citizens, rigorous demands of using societal public assistance that is authorities set aid at a minimal degree. Merely maintaining a safety cyberspace for those who working category, who need rely on the government’s aid and support. Stigma or labeling is ensuing to the receivers. Besides it emphasis on the function of market and minimizes the degree of de-commodification. ( Esping-Andersen, 1989 ) . In Hong Kong, the authorities adopted a laissez-faire attack and follows the neo-liberalism political orientation, hence means-tested aid that limited to the low-income category people and modest universal transportations are found in the broad public assistance government. The place of Market becomes more of import and is followed the free market-based capitalist economy and apart from the international fiscal centres, the Hong Kong authorities besides wanted to develop their metropolis into an international instruction hub. Since the authorities wants to transform Hong Kong to be an international instruction hub and travel planetary, several instruction policies are introduced and so the whole educational system are changed which lead to different jobs. Commodification andMeterarketizationof Education Due to the neoliberalization under the broad public assistance government, the beginning of instruction has been transformed. There is emerged of commodification and marketization of instruction. Commodification of instruction means that instruction which is something that are non tradable is going a trade good that we can tradable. Therefore, the intrinsic value of instruction has transformed into purpose at doing net income instead than reassign the cognition. For illustration, like school has transformed to a mill, under the mill, pupils have become the raw-materials, and instructors are being the workers while the instruction has become the production procedure. The parents are played as the customers’ function who buys the merchandises cognition or certifications for their kids. Marketization of instruction means that instruction is going a market-like construction and Acts of the Apostless like a market house which accent on efficiency, cost, benefits and effectivity. The spirit and the construct of endeavor to minimise the cost to achieve the maximal profit are applied by schools. Besides, it uses market mechanism to apportion resources in instruction market. The market mechanism agencies by which the forces of demand and supply determine monetary values and measures of goods and services offered for sale in a free market. When it applies to instruction system, school topographic points allotment is allocated by market demand and market supply ( Hudson and Lidstrom, 2002 ) . Hudson and Lidstrom ( 2002 ) besides emphasizes Free pick, competition, denationalization, and answerability in education For competition, it refers to the competitions between schools in the market place. This thought aims at increasing the quality of schools merely like the competition between houses in market can increase quality of commercial goods and services. And they believed that school system will derive from the competition of schools. For free pick, it means the demanders ( pupils ) and provider ( schools ) can exert their pick in the free trade of market. Student can take what service they like and the school would freely take the mark group, freely follow the nature of the service. For answerability, this system describes the assorted mechanisms for measuring academic public presentation by schools and pupils. Under the Accountability systems , academic criterions, step single and systemic advancement towards run intoing those criterions are the two basic elements. For organisational manner, it reflects the thought of school-based direction, merely like a concern house where schools will be responsible for their ain budgets, direction, engaging staff and instructors ( Chan and Mok, 2001 ) . Harmonizing to Simkins ( 2000 ) , Management is supposed to be outcome based through the specification of public presentation standards and the constitution of target-setting and planning processes Accordingly, schools start resembling concerns. Influence on the instruction policy Government ever emphasizes on the autonomy and single attempt. Peoples believe that university is the lone manner for them to travel upward category. However, after the Colonial British Government puting the criterion of degree programme in 1989, that is merely 18 % of all aged 17-20 adolescents can entry into the grade programme ( ) . Until now, the authorities is still staying this proportion. However, the authorities did non increase UGC funded degree seats or implement any instruction policies to assist more students’ entree to the university even though it is evidently deficient topographic points for the increased pupils to acquire into the grade programme. The Hong Kong criterion of degree programme degree is far lower than the universe norm ( 26 % ) . Not merely remain the seats, but besides deficiency of supervising on the universities and private schools and advancing development of private higher instruction establishments, for case, community college and private un iversity. As the unemployment job of the childs was really serious in 2000 ( Ming Pao, 2000 ) , authorities suggested advancing development of private higher instruction establishments and therefore, supply more programme such as associate grade and top-up grade programme, in order to cut down the childs unemployment job. Sub-degreeProgram Sub-degree Programme means peers to or above Level 4 in Qualification model ( ) , such as Associate grade ( AD ) , High sheepskin ( HD ) and other sorts of professional sheepskin. Most of the pupils taking associate grade or high sheepskin programme are wishing that they may acquire a topographic point in the university. In other words, these sub-degree programmes are tools to acquire a UGC-funded grade. Associate grade has 3 characterics of marketization and commodification. The first 1 is organisation manner. Financial and direction are independency to the authorities. The figure of the classs and appliers can put by themselves. The 2nd feature is pick. School can supply different classs with different tuition fee and quota for pupil to take and pupils can freely take their favourite grade classs. The 3rd characteristic is competition. Education institutes use different bundle or publicity schemes to vie for more pupils to analyze at that place to keep the concern, for illustration through advertizement demoing the per centum of alumnuss who can come in universities. Those characteristic of marketization and commodification are aimed at maximize AD net income by over-admission of pupils to fulfill the high demand of acquiring a topographic point in the university. With the big addition in demand of both HKDSE and HKAL pupils, the over-admission of pupils exceeds the student-holding capacity. So that it is deficient installations to fulfill with all the pupils. However, the authorities does non care about the instruction quality of those instruction establishments and does non command or supervise the programme. The province is switching its duty to the market and minimise province intercession. Self-financed planme Self-financed plans include the self-financed grade and exceed up degree programme. Some local universities launch some self-finance grade programme, including self-finance grade and distance-learning programme, to have those who are non accepted by UGC funded degree programme. For those who did non accept by UGC-funded grade programme, they can still go on on with their surveies. Many higher instruction establishments start offering self-financed plans to run into the lifting local demands for the cosmopolitan postgraduate instruction and diversified go oning instruction. For the impact from Self-finance grade programme, it is similar to the Associate grade programme portion the same marketization features ( pick, organisational manner, competition ) . While more and more pupils studied in self- financed programme, the job of credential rising prices is worried as those establishments aims at maximising the net income devising. Therefore, after the over-admission of pupils, there will be a batch of grade holders which makes degree making no longer able to function as standards of separating the quality of alumnuss. Self-finance grade coders besides lack of authorities supervising. The quality may below criterion as a consequence. It becomes even harder for the employers to separate which appliers are good and who are bad as there are excessively many appliers are degree holders. But in the past, employers can engage the appliers by merely sing the grade holder to be smarter than non-degree holder. In add-on, the acknowledgment of the advanced sheepskin is besides a badgering job. LU had launched 25 advanced sheepskin programme which has non yet been approved by the authorities. It can non be found in IPASS. It is questioned in whet her those self-financed programme equal to the UGC-funded grade? Deduction The deficiency of supervising and monitoring besides lead to the high monetary value in both self-financed Programme and sub-degree Programme because of high demands in the market. The instruction establishments may reset the monetary value in different old ages. If there are high demands for a peculiar class, so they may increase their monetary values. It means the monetary value is changed harmonizing to the market. Therefore, the parents may confront the hazard of all establishments increasing their monetary value. To those low and in-between category pupils, they may non afford such a immense monetary value, nevertheless, there are still many people are willing to borrow money and analyze the programme. It is because under the broad public assistance government, authorities will non supply much public assistance to the citizens, hence, they merely can reliance on themselves. They besides thought that university is the lone manner out to acquire rid of poorness. Although the authorities has offered subsidies for analyzing private high educational establishments pupils, it is utilizing agencies trial to mensurate eligible applier, the demands of using the instruction allowance is rigorous and the application procedure is complex and long waiting. Therefore, merely really few proportions of pupils may profit from the public assistance. Besides, pupils may besides hold stigma or labeling when the pupils successfully use the subsidy. Furthermore, even pupils apply the low-interest loan, the classs do non vouch that you can acquire into the university or that classs may non accepted by the employers so that they could non happen a occupation, and therefore the argument is become their load. Decision Others instruction policy such as Pre-primary Education Voucher Scheme which is about supplying direct fee subsidy to parents in signifier of verifiers besides can reflect the features of commodification and marketization. The function of public assistance supplier is no longer the authorities but the market because authorities is switching the duty to the market. However, the feature of market is maximising the net income, so it implies the job of services quality. On the other manus, authorities ever promote the universities in Hong Kong more collaborate with international establishment so that to better the instruction place of Hong Kong. For illustration, the City University of Hong Kong collaborates with Swinburne University of Technology, De Montfort University, Edinburgh Napier University and Oxford Brookes University which provide high instruction class. There are around 1 200 non-local classs operated by non-local establishments or in coaction with our local establishments, taking to the award of non-local higher academic making or professional making ( Education Commission Working Group, 2011 ) . From the above instruction policy, we can see that the authorities is following the broad public assistance government and the authorities is stress more on the international placement than the proviso of public assistance. Tacticss of unfastened more private non-regulate high instruction establishment to cut down the unemployment of adolescents can non work out the job. With the phenomenon of increasing degree holders, there may hold more jobs to our society, such as the job of credential rising prices. Tang, Kwong Leung. ( 1993 ) .Comparative Theories of Social Policy Development: A Historical-Quantitative Study of Hong Kong., University of California Linda Wong. ( 2008 ) . Hong Kong s Welfare Model Reconsidered What Model? What Traits? And What Functions? , City University of Hong Kong, Retrieved from ( 25/11/2014 ) : hypertext transfer protocol: //www.welfareasia.org/5thconference/papers/Wong L_Hong Kong Welfare Model.pdf Esping, A. ( 1989 ) .The Three Political Economies Of The Welfare State. Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology, 26 ( 2 ) , 9-54. Retrieved November 10, 2013, fromhypertext transfer protocol: //rszarf.ips.uw.edu.pl/welfare-state/esping-andersen.pdf Hudson, Ch. , and Lidstrom, A. ( 2002 ) . National School Policy Changes in Britain and Sweden. In Local Education Policies: Comparing Sweden and Britain, erectile dysfunction. Ch. Hudson and A. Lidstrom. Basingstoke ; New York: Palgrave, 27-64. Chan, D. , and Mok, K. ( 2001 ) .Educational Reforms and Coping Schemes under the Tidal Wave of Marketisation: a comparative survey of Hong Kong and the mainland.Comparative Education 37 ( 1 ) : 21-41. Simkins, T. ( 2000 ) . Education Reform and Managerialism: Comparing the Excellence of Schools and Colleges.Journal of Education Policy15 ( 3 ) : 317-332. 2008-2009 Policy Address: Embracing New Challenge ( 2009 ) . Retrieved December 14, 2012 from Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Web site: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.policyaddress.gov.hk/08-09/eng/policy.htm Sawada, Y. ( 2004 ) . The societal security system in Hong Kong: Constitution and readjustment of the broad public assistance model ,The Developing Economies, ( 42 ) Pp:198–216

A Case For Slow Writing

A Case For Slow Writing A Case For Slow Writing A Case For Slow Writing By Guest Author Those of us with Italian backgrounds will know that you don’t make an authentic pasta sauce in an hour. It should be cooked slowly, the ingredients added one by one, at the right time. First the meats must be browned, next the onions, the herbs, spices and tomatoes incorporated. Then the mixture must simmer for two, three, four hours until it is a thick, mouthwatering sugo, the succulent meat falling off the bones. It’s good to cook slowly. But this is a writing blog, right? Yes. And it’s okay to write slowly too, blending words, sentences and paragraphs together, adding them to just the right part, in the proper sequence. Time spent writing can often look like this: You write a few lines, the thoughts are flowing. You’re in the zone. Then life rips you out after what seems like a mere five minutes. You go back to the computer, type another line or two, only to be summoned by the real world again. If this describes you, don’t worry - the story still brews while you attend to reality, the words sub-consciously simmering as you do what you need to. There are only two situations when you really must write fast: 1. When you have a contract or a time limit. Writers quickly learn to write with speed when they have a pressing deadline. Students know the perils of handing in late assignments. 2. When you write for a living. If writing is the only way you earn money, then your income is tied to your output. The rest of us are free to savour our writing if that’s what we want to do. Incidentally, J.K. Rowling and Stephen King are two of many authors who wrote novels at a snail’s pace. And there are lots of valid reasons why writing might take a long time. Maybe you: have a life. are just starting. don’t need the money. are a meticulous researcher. like looking for exactly the right words. need time to gather your thoughts and assemble the most salient. Or maybe you write simply because, fast or slow, it’s good for your soul. Amen. Whether you take a day or three to write a brief article, a month or four to produce a short story, a year or more to draft a novel, I’m here to say, it’s okay to take your time. While ever you are making progress and you haven’t given up, if writing makes you happy, there’s no reason to feel guilty about doing it slowly. Savour each word, each sentence, each paragraph. About the Author: C. G. is a freelance writer. Her blog is named for the trees surrounding her home where she loves to play with words ─ the words sort themselves into stories at regular intervals. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Punctuating â€Å"So† at the Beginning of a Sentence5 Brainstorming Strategies for Writers1,462 Basic Plot Types

Executive Summary on Technology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Executive Summary on Technology - Research Paper Example As such, the potential of saving business costs and increasing its efficiency while at the same time offering reliable services to the clients cannot be overlooked. The benefits of adopting cloud computing are numerous though there are also some risks that may be incurred. But given the increasing benefits of this technology that a company can utilize, adopting it will be essential. The company will benefit from faster deployment of new business capabilities, lower-risk business innovation, global scale outreach, more intelligent IT spending and easier automation of IT services and information from the relevant sites. Some of the risks to be incurred include outsourcing to an external provider which gives the flexibility but does not eliminate the risks incurred; storage of data outside the company may be of great concern and the probability of vendor lock-in due to the different services provided by each vendor. With such details, the company can make better decisions on how to deve lop the technical ability of the company. Introduction The main aim of this report is to explore the benefits of adopting a different strategy on the technological front. ... Interactions within and without have become easier, faster and more secure with each party expressly meeting their demands with such minimal supervision but with constant communication being core. Thus, speed, cupped with technology adds flexibility and responsiveness to interactions. It also allows for far-reaching collaboration with different applications connecting larger business networks. This allows for the blending of talents and abilities which makes innovation quite an important aspect of the company. Adopting cloud will be important in realizing these goals and the report herein will look at all these important attributes that make up this important technological drive. Therefore, the benefits herein will ensure that the reasons behind such a proposal will be adequately addressed with each point being explored further to ensure all risks and benefits are addressed before a conclusive decision can be made regarding the same. Each decision has to be viewed in relation to the business core policies, goals and objectives with the best decision made in favor these rather than individual interests. What is cloud computing? Globalization has made it important for every company to seek ways of reducing the costs while increasing its flexibility, versatility and innovation to capture more clients. Cloud computing describes the storage of data through internet connections. This creates virtual data storage capacities which are virtually unexplored in many cases due to the huge capacity that they possess. This reduces the manual storage capabilities, making it easier to automate services and archive them with ease. This may be done via a private cloud where services and infrastructure are maintained and managed by a third party or the company;

Digital Marketing Bagel Nash report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Digital Marketing Bagel Nash report - Essay Example Their bakery range provides bagel bars and bagel to both food service as well as retail customers (Bagelnash, n.d.). Bagel Nash is the highest search term on Google. There is limited digital presence as the digital communication is done through the company website only and it does not invest a lot of money or time in digital marketing. However, it has its existence on Facebook , Instagram as well as on twitter but does not have its own app. A complete analysis on the digital presence and strategy of this company will be discussed later in this report. The main purpose of this report is to provide a marketing strategy to achieve the planned digital objectives to benefit Bagel Nash in the field of improving their existing digital presence. A comprehensive micro as well as macro analysis is conducted. The report also encompasses implementation plan to give details of the activities and when those activities are to be executed. The key findings of content analysis are: Focus is on the internal and external factors which have affected the Bagel Nash; they should also pay attention on the human resources for successful packaging and service; a test was conducted in order to witness the experience of customers when they are trying to collect the information from the Bagel Nash website; total number of visits made on each device and on every mobile gadget within the last month has been shown. It indicates that desktop version has received the maximum number of new users as compared to the mobile and tablets. Moreover, it was also found that maximum number of new users is generated from Apple iPhone to view the Bagel Nash website. The facebook page report shows that the target customers are mostly youngsters but it was also noticed that the people of middle age group are also enjoying the fast food offered by Bagel Nash. The main aim of competitor scrutiny is to present a complete

Bilbo Baggins in “The Hobbit” Essay Example for Free

Bilbo Baggins in â€Å"The Hobbit† Essay Firstly, it is necessary to outline that Bilbo Baggins is the protagonist and title character of â€Å"The Hobbit†. He is the most important figure in the novel, because his emotions, feelings and actions shape the plot of the story. Bilbo’s appearance is rather original and even funny as he is only half the size of a man. In the beginning of the novel Bilbo appears to be comfortable and complacent like most hobbits. For example, he likes drink, food and security as well as he has his snug little hole at Bag End, Underhill. However, starting from the chapter 5, when Gandalf â€Å"enlists Bilbo’s help in Thorin’s quest for the treasure under the mountain†, Bilbo gradually changes, develops and transforms from a cautious homebody to a confident and brave hero. With novel progression, Baggins displays inner cunning, strength and, certainly, he becomes the dominant force which holds the group of hapless dwarves together. Bilbo gains their respect, because he saves them from the goblins by shouting for Gandalf and then he helps them to defeat the spider and wood elves in Mirkwood. He is respected for finding the way into the mountain and leading dwarfs to the desired treasure. Furthermore, Bilbo discovers the weak spot of Smaug and tries to thwart Thorin’s greed. Simply saying, Bilbo wants to bring peace to the feuding dwarves, elves, and humans. Chapter 8 is the turning point in hero’s development, because Bilbo kills the spider and feels like â€Å"a different person†. Further, despite dwarfs’ stubbornness and inability to make proper decisions, Bilbo develops his newfound qualities of initiative, courage, and heroism. It is necessary to underline that when other participants of the journey become corrupted with greediness, Baggins tries to maintain common sense and courage. Throughout the novel, Bilbo discovers new capabilities unknown to him earlier. Moreover, he doesn’t become arrogant and follows his principles and values. Bilbo learns how to thrive and how to draw strength from the simple source trying to stay true to himself all along. References Tolkien, J. , Gardner, P. (ed. ) Phllips, B. (ed. ). (2002). The Hobbit. New York, NY: Spark Pub.

A Sociological view of Divorce Essay -- essays research papers

They were the family you always wish you had†¦ The Cleavers. Wise and wonderful Ward. A pal as well as a Dad. June. The perfect wife and mother. Big brother Wally. Popular, smart and athletic – one tough act to follow. And last but definitely not least, hapless, irrepressible Theodore, a.k.a. â€Å"the Beaver,† just a regular kid trying his best to stay out of trouble while finding a thousand ways to place himself at trouble’s doorstep. Leave it to Beaver. It was the television hit in the ‘60s that hallmarked the phrase, â€Å" The American Family† and made it its own. Introduction: Here we are, 40 years later, in the midst of social turmoil, where the values and principles such as the family unit that were once our nation’s bedframe, are now the very same values and principles we are starting to question. Needless to say, the family structure is riding the wave of a rapidly changing society and changing right along with it. More adolescents are growing up in a wider margin of family structures than ever before in history. Divorce is not only personal trouble dividing households, but it has become a developing Social issue sweeping the nation. The number of adolescents growing up specifically in broken families is mounting everyday. Divorce has become an epidemic among our nation invading one in every two marriages in this country (Patz 59). In fact the United States has the highest percentile of single – parent families, compared to all other countries (Santrock 167). And by age 18, approximately one fourth of all American children will have lived part of their lives in a step-family unit (Santrock 167). I knew that adolescents of divorced families were put at a greater individual risk and vulnerability to adjustment problems later in life, however I was not aware of the particular areas that such a division in the family structure could have an affect on. Evidence shows however that not only does divorce permanently weaken the child/parents relationship, but has also been found to be behind lowered academic performance, destructive ways of handling conflict, a poorer self-image, greater engagement in delinquent activities and the root of pessimism towards future relationships and goals in life. These things only perpetuate the rapid downward spiral of family breakdown (â€Å"How Might Divorce Affect My Child’s Behavior?† 2000). Theoretical Fr... ...ot just on TV? As long as families follow the trend that divorce is setting, more and more children will be the victimized and left to fend for themselves whether it be physically with unstable custodial parents or mentally without any role models and structure in their lives to keep them on the straight and narrow. I think divorce acts as its own indicator that it disrupts peoples lives, especially adolescents as they are more impressionable in this stage. Divorce has been shown to adversely affect academic performance, and personal characteristics as far as social skills and self presentation, it erodes the parent-child relationship and takes away structure and replaces it with a consequence free environment. And when you take a child, an adolescent none-the-less at the height of confusion and insecurity and remove boundaries such as parents, rules, and regulations, that’s trouble. If children are our future, maybe we should be equipping them with more than freedom. To a ppropriately prepare for the future, I think we should take a step back into the past and watch a few Leave It to Beaver episodes and maybe we can come up with a better game plan.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Museum Paper

The purpose of this paper is to visit The Metropolitan Museum of Art and write a reaction paper about art works at the museum based on my impressions about them. To begin, I will start by giving you a little of background information about this interesting museum. The Metropolitan Museum of Art was founded in 1870 by a group of American citizens. It opened on February 20, 1872 and was originally located at 681 on Fifth Avenue. Also known as â€Å"The Met†, the museum is located on the eastern edge of Central Park in New York City. It has a permanent collection containing more than two million works of art.The main building of the Met is one of the world’s largest art galleries. The museum permanent collection includes art from classical antiquity and Ancient Egypt, paintings and sculptures from nearly all of the European masters and an extensive collection of American and modern art. The Met also maintains extensive holdings of African, Asian, Oceanic, Byzantine, and Is lamic art. The museum is also home of encyclopedic collections musical instruments, costumes and accessories and antique weapons and armor from around the world.As of today, The Met measures almost a quarter mile long and occupies more than two million square feet. When I went to the museum I was amazed by it size. It’s a huge building. It has so many steps at the main entrance and you almost can’t walk because so many people are seating at the steps. It is incredible how many people go to the museum. I was surprise. I didn’t think so many people were going to be there from so many places from the city and all across the world. You cannot walk without bumping another person. It is very interesting seeing and learning about all the arts and sculptures you see in there.I saw a â€Å"Bone Doll† that I found very interesting because it was made with bones incised with schematic anatomical feature formed from a series of geometric shapes and has short arms. Th ere are more elaborate examples that have hair. I also saw a mummy with an inserted panel portrait of a youth from Hawara a part of Egypt. His downy moustache indicates that he was no older than his twenties. I found a Seated Statue of the monarch Idu II Dendera funny because to look at the statue you have to look through a rectangular hole that is in the wall. I think that also makes people curious to look, to see what’s inside there.I didn’t like the painting â€Å"The Man of Sorrows† by Michele Giambono because the man in the painting was bleeding real badly. It was an image of Saint Francis receiving the stigmata with a figure of Christ as the man of sorrows. The painting was done using tempera and gold on wood. I liked the painting of Girolamo dai Libri called â€Å"Madona and Child with Saints† because it was a very peaceful environment. Tempera and oil on canvas was used in the painting. The drawing â€Å"A Hunting Scene† is a very interesti ng painting but I didn’t like it because too much violence was involved. The whole drawing is base on killing.Tempera and oil transferred to masonite were used. The drawing â€Å"Hercules and Achelous† is very interesting because Hercules is fighting Achelous who transformed himself into a bull in order to fight Hercules for the favors of Deianeira. In the struggle, one of his horn snapped off and Nymphs filled it with flowers and fruits creating the Cornucopia, Horn of Plenty. In conclusion, I will talk about the most interesting place in the entire museum for me, The Temple of Dendur. It’s amazing how beautiful this place is. At the entrance, you encounter yourself with two big statues that make it looks like if they were guards of the temple.It also has a very interesting pool aria as part of a landscape of the temple. It’s very beautiful and it gives another look to the temple. At the center, they have two little buildings that you go inside and look at them, and around, they have these kind of benches that you can seat and rest if you have been a while in the museum because trust me, you will get tired. The museum is so big and interesting that you just want to see every little corner like I did. I recommend people to take some time and visit the Met museum because it’s worth going to.

Ontario’s Nuclear Plants

Ontario†s nuclear power planets are damaging our environment and economic structure; nuclear power should be shut down and replaced with safer methods of power making. Ontario†s nuclear power is not the safe and clean way to produce power, Ontario†s nuclear plants are becoming outdated, nuclear waste is building up, and contamination is becoming more of a threat. Ontario thought that nuclear was clean, safe, and cheap way to produce power. During the 1950s, Ontario Hydro was looking for new sources of electricity to meet the growing demand. In 1954, a partnership was formed between Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL), Ontario Hydro and Canadian General Electric to build Canada†s first nuclear power plant called NPD for Nuclear Power Demonstration. In 1962, NPD began supplying the province of Ontario with its first nuclear generated electricity. Ontario had found it†s new source of electricity, and they were not fully aware consequences that would happen after many years of use. Power projects (later AECL CANDU), based in Toronto. Ontario and Montreal, Quebec became responsible for implementing AECL†s nuclear power program and marketing CANDU reactors. Nuclear power was cheap, if you did not have to worry about the waste. This was the answer to Ontario†s power problems, so they invested in the newest source of power at the time. Most people believed that nuclear power was a good change in Ontario†s power structure, and there would be no real problems in the future. Ontario needed a new source of power in the 1950s; they found it in nuclear power and it solved the problem. In the 1950s the average person did not have a lot of knowledge about nuclear energy, and nuclear studies were being held. All people really knew was the positive side of things, the government and research body†s made videos that would try to describe nuclear energy to the public. The videos would talk about how great nuclear power and how abundant nuclear energy was. Making it sound like the answer to all our electric needs. The government and research body kind of jumped around the subject of nuclear waste, and the effects it could have on a human or the environment. The real truths about nuclear energy was not as widely known, and the majority of the people thought that nuclear energy was a positive step in the right direction. Ontario has a huge problem with the build up of nuclear waste, and this waste could have a huge impact on our environment if something were to go wrong. Radioactive mops, rags, clothing, tools, and contaminated equipment such as filters and pressure tubes, are temporality stored in shallow underground containers at the Bruce Nuclear Complex and elsewhere. At Bruce, a radwaste incinerator reduces the volume of combustible radioactive waste materials. In 1975, St. Mary's School in Port Hope was evacuated because of high radiation levels in the cafeteria. It was soon learned that large volumes of radioactive wastes from uranium refining operations had been used as construction material in the school and all over town. Hundreds of homes were contaminated. There are 200 million tons of sand-like uranium tailings in Canada, mostly in Ontario and Saskatchewan. These radioactive wastes will remain hazardous for hundreds of thousands of years. They contain some of the most powerful carcinogens known: radium, radon gas, polonium, thorium and others. Radio-active tailings also result from phosphate ores and other ores rich in uranium. In 1978, an Ontario Royal Commission recommended that a panel of world class ecologists study the long-term problem of radioactive tailings and that the future of nuclear power be assessed in view of their findings. The government has ignored these recommendations. Nuclear waste is biodegradable, but it takes it takes hundreds of thousands of years to do so, which could leave unimaginable results in the future. Lately Ontario†s nuclear power plants have been going threw horrible management, out dated equipment, and nuclear waste build up; resulting in economic breakdown. Ontario†s nuclear plants have not had their equipment greatly updated, which is a big problem that could be costly to fix. When calculated in real 1998 dollars, total federal subsidies to Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL) for the last 46 years amount to $15. 8 billion. It should be noted that $15. 8 billion is a real cash subsidy to AECL, and does not include any opportunity cost? What the subsidies would have been worth if the government had invested in more cost competitive ventures. At a rate of 15%, the opportunity cost of government subsidies to AECL is $202 billion. There is also federal financial support for other nuclear activities in progress or impending, including: the Whiteshell Laboratories privatization ($23. 1 million); the MAPLE reactors at Chalk River Laboratories ($120 million); the Canadian Neutron Facility ($400 million); radioactive waste management and decommissioning ($665 million); and reactor exports ($2. 5 billion considered). In Ontario the bad management and the old equipment has lead to major change in the way the plats work. Also this will cost billions of dollars to do. In the long run Ontario†s nuclear do not make the money needed to stay open, with the costs of fixing them and reforming them it would just cost to much, so there is no point in doing so. Ontario has purposed to close down all of there nuclear plants, but they decided that is would be better to keep most of them open. There are much more safer, cleaner, and cheaper ways of producing power. We could invest solar, wind or tide power sources, all of which are safe. Leaving these nuclear plants open is like trying to heal your cut with a knife. Ontario and its people don†t realize that with the build up of nuclear waste, we could be looking into major crises. Many of Ontario Hydro†s problems are monetary in origin. The corporation has had difficulty maintaining its nuclear facilities in accordance with the Atomic Energy Control Board†s safety requirements. Hydro†s restructuring efforts reflect past negligence in preventive, minor, and responsive maintenance. It is now faced with a situation wherein the demand for energy must be met through the means of an increasingly limited resource . . . money. In response to this problem, the energy formerly supplied through nuclear power is being replaced primarily with coal-driven electrical generation. Hydro has implemented a short-term, quick fix solution based on the same practices and assumptions, which originally lead to the failure of Ontario†s nuclear energy program. As of now Ontario stands by its nuclear power and they do not have any current plans to shut down or totally reform these plants. Ontario†s nuclear power plants are a Danger to our environment, the economy, and a danger to the people, us; we should shut down all of these plants and replace them with safer methods.

Frederick Douglass Essay examples

Frederick Douglass Essay examples Frederick Douglass Essay examples Frederick Douglass was an African American slave who dreamt all his life of being a freeman. Not only was he a slave, but he was very involved in his religious life of Christianity. Regardless of his hardships he went through, Douglass always had hope and believed that one day God would set him free. This kind of optimism was thought highly of amongst the other slaves who had little to no hope of freedom whatsoever. These slaves lived in a society in which land was only free to the whites, and the oppression of these slaves was taking its toll on them. Throughout his journey to freedom, Frederick Douglass kept journals of his life and eventually put together The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, Written by Himself in 1845. Being born into slavery in 1818, Frederick Douglass had no chance of being a freeman from the start. He was born to Harriet Bailey and white male, Aaron Anthony, who is assumed to be his mother’s owner. In 1826 when he was moved to live on another property after the death of his mother and father, Douglass began to learn how to read. He was taught by Sophia who was his new owner. Unfortunately, her husband forbade her because learning â€Å"would forever unfit him to be a slave† (Baym 1171). Nevertheless, Frederick Douglass continued his reading and writing on his own, which, in the long run, was a huge benefit for him. During his later career, Frederick Douglass explored his options. He subscribed to William Lloyd Garrison’s Liberator who was an abolitionist. He heard Douglass give his first speech on antislavery and shortly hired him. Giving antislavery speeches around the nation was liberating and dangerous for Douglass; however. There were mobs and attacks broken out during his speeches that ended up injuring him. Later, he wrote The Narrative Of the Life of Frederick Douglass and sold thirty thousand copies in its first five years. This was greatly beneficial to Douglass as an international spokesperson fo r freedom and equality. This book was praised for its descriptiveness and how it was obvious that Douglass had written it in his own words. Douglass â€Å"shaped the facts of his life to underscore the particular truths that he wished to convey at the moment of composition† (Baym 1172). He used realistic stories and he made his books so detail oriented, and was praised on the imagery and personification. He was a very strong family-man and praised his mother and grandmother’s influence they had on his culture and his life. Frederick Douglass was separated from his mother soon after birth and he assumes this is so, â€Å"to hinder the development of the child’s affection toward it’s mother, and to blunt and destroy the natural affection of the m other for the child† (Douglass 18). He believes that his father is his mother’s white master, because it was common for masters to impregnate their female slaves. Douglass explains that he believes th at mixed slaves have it worse than full African American slaves, because â€Å"they are, in the first place, a constant offence to their mistress† (Douglass 19). The main point of why Douglass wrote this book was to inform people of the dehumanization of slavery. Throughout The Narrative, we can read about stories from people he knew or saw, therefore we don’t really hear about Frederick in the beginning of the book. In chapters three and four, we read about Colonel Lloyd’s plantation to set the scenery for the reader, and to also ensure the accreditation of the book. His main point is to express how unjust it is for whites to get away with what they’re doing. He wants to convince white Northerners that the events he witnessed- like a white man killing a black man- are unjust. In The Narrative, Douglass portrays himself as both the narrator and the protagonist of the story. The two personas are changing throughout the story, and he eventually progresses f rom uneducated slave, to an articulate commentator. In the text, he frequently dramatizes the

What Ive Learned, and Earned, Using This Newsletter

What Ive Learned, and Earned, Using This Newsletter I have been subscribing to Hope Clark’s Funds for Writers newsletter for ten years. Initially, the listings overwhelmed me, because I hadn’t yet â€Å"turned pro† and only wrote when I felt like it. But here’s how I learned to use the FundsforWriters listings to structure my writing practice and eventually earn income as a professional writer: Competitions Not every contest is right for you – but every writing prompt is. The goal is not to write a perfect, submittable poem, short story, or essay. Instead, practice so your craft improves to the point of actually having a worthwhile submission one day. Years ago, a contest listing called for car essays. I used the prompt, wrote a terrible first draft in five minutes, and filed it away. Recently, a local publisher placed a call for car essays. I dusted off that draft and revised it for submission. That essay â€Å"My Ba Grants If you’re not an undergraduate journalism student, don’t apply for such a fellowship. Similarly, if you’re not interested in spending two months in a National Park cabin, don’t apply for that retreat. But every grant link is highly informative. You learn about the grant-giving organization, their requirements, and the nuts and bolts of an application packet. Information like this is valuable so that when the right opportunity comes along, you can recognize it. You can’t recognize the opportunity just In the past 12 months, I applied for three grants. Two applications were rejected, but one is under consideration. Wish me luck. Freelance Markets Often, aspiring freelancers mistake an idea for a pitch. A pitch requires three elements: idea, angle, and timeliness. Using the listings for freelance markets, challenge yourself to push past ideas and write a viable pitch. It’s hard to nail all three elements, but it is essential practice. In 2013, I saw a listing for The Writer magazine. I had an idea and fleshed out a pitch. It was the 10-year anniversary of the Tony Hillerman Writers Conference in Santa Fe. The conference is run Jobs Job ads are gold mines because they reflect the state of changing times. Most ads are straightforward, but if a particular writing skill is listed and I have no idea what they’re talking about, I start researching. In this way, the job ads have helped me to keep my skills relevant. At the start of this year, I clicked on an ad and landed a part-time assignment as an SEO writer consulting with the web designers. If I hadn’t taken the time to learn how to broaden the foundation of good writing to these new standards, I would have lost out on this steady writing income. Ads The sponsored ads in this newsletter promote services and events, offer discounts, and sometimes include a testimonial from Hope. But wait, spend money to earn money? Yes. Not only have I earned writing income through this newsletter, but I have also used the advertised services to make valuable investments in my career. For example, I contacted Shaila Abdullah through her House of Design ad (see below). She helped me build a website that truly reflects my spirit and is not some cookie-cutter template. I keep the site up-to-date with recent clips and it is an essential part of my daily pitching routine. Time may not permit you to practice on all of these listings in a given week. But if you are new to a writing career, studying the listings and practicing your writing can help you figure out the type of writing you want to do. On the other hand, if you are a seasoned writer and know exactly what you want, then you have great leads. Yet for all writers, practice always precedes publication. Where there is â€Å"Hope,† there is opportunity.