Hawaii State Unit Study - Geography, State Symbols Facts

These state unit studies are designed to help children learn the geography of the United States and learn factual information about every state.ÃÆ'ƒÂ‚ÃÆ'‚   These studies are great for children in the public and private education system as well as homeschooled children. Print the United States Map and color each state as you study it. Keep map at the front of your notebook for use with each state. Print the State Information Sheet and fill in the information as you find it. Print the Hawaii State Map and fill in the state capital, large cities and state attractions that you find. Answer the following questions on lined paper in complete sentences. State Capital What is the capital?Virtual Walking TourState Flag What do the eight stripes of white, red, and blue represent?State Flower What is the state flower?Coloring pageState Bird What is the state bird and what does it like to eat?A close up of the State BirdState Fish What is the Hawaiian name for this fish?State Marine Mammal What is Hawaiis state marine mammal?Whale MazeState Tree What is the Hawaiian name and the common name of this tree?State Song Who wrote the state song?State Seal What was the phoenix a symbol of?Picture of state seal.Hawaiis Native Seal What does ilio-holo-i-ka-uaua mean?State Motto What is the state motto and what does it mean? Hawaii Printable Pages - Learn more about Hawaii with these printable worksheets and coloring pages. Hawaii State Symbols Quiz How much do you remember? Did You Know... List two interesting facts. Eight Major Islands - What are the eight major islands? Hawaiian Island Wordsearch Hawaiian Glossary - Learn some Hawaiian terms! Find Your Name in Hawaiian My name is Peweli (Beverly), whats yours? Interactive Hawaiian Dictionary Want to know how to say something in Hawaiian? Hula - Hawaiis Art and Soul Read about the Hula and listen to The Sounds of the Hula. The Big Luau - Read a brief history of the luau, the read da rules, then on to the menu Other Hawaiian Recipes Coloring Pages - Click on a picture to print and color! Wiki-Wiki Scavenger Hunt - Can you find the answers to the questions? (print out and include in notebook) Virtual Field Trips of Hawaii - Pick an island and choose where you want to go! Crossword Puzzle - Do this Hawaii crossword puzzle. Crossword Puzzle - Try your hand at this Marine Life Crossword Puzzle. The Hawaiian Tree Snail - Learn more and do an origami project. The Pacific Green Sea Turtle - Learn more and do an origami project; coloring page. Opihi - The Hawaiian Limpet - Learn more then enjoy these activities: Opihi Origami; Color An Opihi; Opihi Maze Pulelehua - Learn more then enjoy these activities: Make A Pulelehua Origami; Color A Pulelehua; Pulelehua Maze King Kamehameha - Learn about King Kamehameha; coloring page; crossword puzzle. Ocean Diorama - Print and fold marine wildlife and assemble an Ocean Diorama. Hawaii Quiz - How much do you know about Hawaii? Odd Hawaii Law: It used to be illegal to insert pennies is ones ears. Additional Resources: Introducing the email course Our 50 Great States! From Delaware to Hawaii, learn about all 50 states in the order they were admitted to the Union. At the end of 25 weeks (2 states per week), youll have a United States Notebook filled with information about each state; and, if youre up for the challenge, you will try recipes from all 50 states. Will you join me on the journey?

Latin Demonstratives as Personal Pronouns

Describe Functions of Management Free Essays

Bachelor of Science HIV/AIDS Management and Community Development Student Name Runganga Fanuel Pharquior Assignment: Describe functions of management citing examples Management is the organization and coordination of the activities of a business in order to achieve defined objectives. Management is often included as a factor of production along with machines, materials, and money. According to the management guru Peter Drucker (1909-2005), the basic tasks of management include both marketing and innovation. We will write a custom essay sample on Describe Functions of Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now Practice of modern management originates from the 16th century study of low-efficiency and failures of certain enterprises, conducted by the English statesman Sir Thomas More (1478-1535). Management consists of the interlocking functions of creating corporate policy and organizing, planning, controlling, and directing an organization’s resources in order to achieve the objectives of that policy According to Peter Drucker management can be described as the organization and coordination of the activities of an enterprise in accordance with certain policies and in achievement of clearly defined objectives. Management is often included as a factor of production along with machines, materials and money. Peter Drucker (1909–2005)†Management is a multi-purpose organ that manages business and manages managers and manages workers and work. Mary Parker Follet, simply states that â€Å"Management is the art of getting things done through people. † Many scholars who have studied management have come up with different definitions of management and its functions and some like Luther Gullick have come up with a list functions of management that include planning, organizing, directing, staffing, co-coordinating, reporting abbreviated (PODSCORB). However most scholars notably Koontz and O’Donnel are agreeable that the most important functions of management can be trimmed to only five namely planning, organizing staffing, directing and controlling. Planning involves mapping out exactly how to achieve a particular goal. It gives direction to the organization and enables managers to determine strategies to achieve organizational goals. Say, for example, that the organization’s goal is to improve company sales. The manager first needs to decide which steps are necessary to accomplish that goal. These steps may include increasing advertising, inventory, and sales staff. These necessary steps are developed into a plan. When the plan is in place, the manager can follow it to accomplish the goal of improving company sales. Planning can be short term or long term, and ensures proper utilization of human and non-human resources thus helps in minimizing confusion ,risks, wastages and uncertainties. Planning is important in forecasting and catering for unforeseen adverse events by putting contingency measures in place. For example hospital managers may have an emergency plan in place to handle things like disease outbreaks or accidents. Henri Fayol argues that to organize a business is to provide it with all the necessary resources for it to function fully. Organizing is the process of bringing together physical financial and human resources in order to achieve organizational goals. After a plan is in place, a manager needs to organize a team and materials according to the plan. Assigning work and granting authority are two important elements of organizing. The organization process involves identification of what is supposed to be done, classification of activities, assigning of duties, and delegation of responsibility and authority. An example can be of a farm manager who is faced with a planting season with a group of workers and many fields and crops to plant. He has to quantify the amount of work to be accomplished over a given period thus organizes his staff into small groups each with a foreman responsible for tillage, planting, irrigation etc. He should go on to come up with a time frame when he expects the tasks to be performed and ensure that all the resources required that include seed, fertilizers etc are in place for the task to be accomplished in time. Staffing is concerned with keeping adequate staff levels to keep the organization well manned all the time. This involves having the right person for the right job and the main purpose is selecting the properly qualified person for the job. It might also involve staff development by organizing on job training or training and retraining of staff to meet the dynamic demands of the organization. After a manager discerns his area’s needs, he may decide to beef up his staffing by recruiting, selecting, training, and developing employees. A manager in a large organization often works with the company’s human resources department to accomplish this goal. An organization might acquire new machinery and realize that they need new members of staff to operate the machine or an organization may soon realize that their enterprise is growing and need more staff to man its new branches. Directing deals mainly with setting in motion the action of people in an organization and is involved with supervising, motivating, leading, and communicating the goals of the organization to the workers. Directing involves supervising how work is done and ensuring staff is motivated enough to accomplish the organizational goals by offering incentives to ensure workers have a zeal for work. Managers might discover that in order to accomplish a task in time there is need to work long hour and may find it fit to provide food on site and also introduce incentives for the workers prepared to work overtime. After the other elements are in place, a manager’s job is not finished. He needs to continuously check results against goals and take any corrective actions necessary to make sure that his area’s plans remain on track. Directing consists of a process or technique by which instruction can be issued and operations can be carried out and goals achieved as originally planned. Controlling implies ensuring that everything is in conformity with set standards to achieve organizational goals. It involves measuring the accomplished against the set standards. According to Koontz and O’Donnell controlling is the measurement and correction of performance activities of subordinates in order to make sure that the enterprise objectives and plans are accomplished. The process is concerned with establishment of standard performance, measurement of actual performance, comparison of actual with the set standards and isolating deviations if any and finally corrective action. The success of any organization big or small hinges on the quality of its managers and more often than not enterprises run by poorly equipped mangers in terms of knowledge depth usually operate poorly and eventually collapse whilst those run by astute mangers flourish and prosper. References 1. Harold Koontz and Cyril O’Donnel, Essentials of Management (1976) 2. Henri Fayol, (1841-1925), Principles of Management 3. Luther Gullick (1937), Science of Administration 4. Mary Parker Follet (1900-20) Classic School of Management 5. Peter Drucker (1909-2005), The Principles of Management 6. Sir Thomas More (1478-1535) Oregon State University How to cite Describe Functions of Management, Essay examples

WAN Designing Multinational Grocery Chain

Question: Describe about the WAN Designing for a Multinational Grocery Chain? Answer: Introduction: with our modern era and havoc use of Internet, our modern communication has been facilitated and also offers advanced solutions to make transaction and other business processes much faster. Organizations and every individual in todays world are connected with each other via Internet withits different methodologies and topologies across the world. There are numbers of network topologies are used for different zones or part across the world those are used to connect different departments or parts of an organization located at different location. Those network topologies are namely WAN, MAN, LAN. There are numbers of network equipment are in use to connect different terminals with this type of network topologies. Being connected with each of these network infrastructures, each and every terminal or user equipment must require interface id and must contain their unique IP address to be known across the internet. All of these IP addresses are unique and these IP addresses are used to find the source and destination of some specific systems. There are numbers of adopted technologies and tools are there to let the employees or the security personal to be trained for the instalment of such devices that can provide the ultimate training and for new joiner and other less knowledgeable person to handle the network enabled devices more safely and effectively. Background: In previous times there are numbers of organizations across the world who were indulged in providing their information across the world some old methods such telegrams, sending letters through some recognized bodies or the organization. Though those methods take maximum of times to send some data or though bunch of papers or being present at different location form one geographic location at another geographic location (Chun, 2015). That has reinforced humans to focus upon different methodologies and technology driven aspect to adopt and on the other hand use of these technology driven systems have been instigated by the havoc use of internet. Nowadays numbers of organizations have adopted several technologies to connect their different portions of their organization with the help of LAN, MAN or WAN (Chtelain, Blanger, Tremblay, Gagnon Plant, 2009). These network topologies are much more useful connect different parts of the organization and share resources and file accordingly with in fractions of time. This system on the other hand helps to increase the use of system resource among several users by decreasing the cost of engaging same resources more than one. Being connected with each of these network infrastructures, each and every terminal or user equipment must require interface id and must contain their unique IP address to be known across the internet (Cuda, Indre, Le Rouzic Roberts, 2012). All of these IP addresses are unique and these IP addresses are used to find the source and destination of some specific systems. There are numbers of adopted technologies and tools are there to let the employees or the security personal to be trained for the instalment of such devices that can provide the ultimate training and for new joiner and other less knowledgeable person to handle the network enabled devices more safely and effectively (Deng et al., 2015). Different type of network design: There are numbers of network designs are there, for example, LAN, MAN and WAN. LAN is known as Local Area Network. LANs are connected within a limited geographical area. For example, use of network within the range of school, home, college and etc. Computers are situated within a limited area and linked with each other. LAN can be expanded over the limited distance, i.e. 1km in radius. It is possible to have communication between different terminals, i.e. form one computer to another computer (Faro, Giordano Spampinato, 2012). As all of the computers are connected with each other with different interface and port and there are no central computer hence all are able to play similar job. On the other hand LANs are usually self-owned, managed and controlled by a single expertise or by an organization. There are numbers of network equipment are in use for LAN deployment, those are routers, switches, bridges and repeaters. LAN helps to communicate with the user and to transfer files much faster. It is possible to connect a single LAN with the WAN or other LANs (Giuliano, Gordon, Pan, Park Wang, 2011). WAN is denoted as Wide Area Network. WAN are generally used to connect large geographically areas such as a continent and countries across the world. WANs are spread all over the world that may contain the 100000 kilometre radius that is between the earth and satellite. There few numbers of devices are used in WAN are modems, server and routers. WAN are used to connect different LANs and provide access to the computers or to the other equipments and resource those are outside the coverage area general LAN system (Hrehorowicz-Gaber, 2015). MAN is denoted as Metropolitan Area Network. MANs are used to connect several LANs in a common geographic region. MAN s can be expanded with within the range of 5 to 50 KM in diameter. MANs are not usually owned or deployed for a single organization rather they are owned by a group of users provided by a single network provider. Network providers sell services to a group of users. Man can be considered as the expanded version of LAN that will allow users form different groups to share their resources within a more expanded are compared to LAN (Ismail Said, 2015). Implementation plan: Suppose we have a grocery chain, CHILKART, CHILKART in US and its another branches are expanded across the different locations of Germany, Spain and India. To have a smooth flow of data across different parts of CHILLKART it is required to have the strong network infrastructure and to connect different parts of CHILLKART, no doubt it is required to have use of WAN and required network equipment. Before that it is required to connect local parts of the CHILLKART (Kliazovich Granelli, 2007). To show the LAN design I will be choosing the local parts of CHILLKART within a single limited region. US branch of CHILLKART have different stores within different parts of US. To connect different parts of CHILLKART within the US we will router switches and also require transmission mediums across the organization to capture the network. These regional networks of CHILLKART are connected with the different parts of the organizations situated at different region of different nation (Kundu Pradha n, 2015). For example, it is required to place a router within an organization located at US and a server that will provide different IP addresses for different system located at different place whether it is national wide or international wide. CHILLKART will be totally dependent upon the centralized data centre. If a WAN outage occurs, remote location will be unable to fetch data for the centralized data centres (Kuo, Ni, Sunderrajan Manjunath, 2014). The demand for the WAN bandwidth continues to increase day by day. Nowadays recent trend is more leaning towards the use of Ethernet as the WAN access media, so that it can deliver data with high bandwidth. Even there are numbers of performance sensitive applications those can easily be affected by the packet loss, delay and jitter (Li, Chen Zhang, 2015). It is the functions of the network foundation to provide the fault-tolerant and effective application that can differentiate the traffic and can make the system intelligent enough to take load sharing decisions while congestions occur in the network. Without considering the WAN technology the WAN must be able to provide the intelligent prioritization network traffic and must be able to queue that traffic along the best possible route (Mouzehkesh, Zia, Shafigh Zheng, 2015). The CHILLKART will choose few of the WAN designing methodologies for transporting data to its destination for backup links and primary links: Internet 3G/4G plan with the VPN enabled WAN. Dynamic Multipoint VPN Internet using VPN WAN Layer 2 WAN with the association of VPLS or Virtual Private LAN Services or Metro Ethernet. MPLS WAN in association with Layer3 Virtual Private Network (Nadarajah Nirmalathas, 2011). To control the operational cost it is required to take support of the WAN offered reliability and support. Because most of the WAN technology covers the functionality to transport the multidimensional data, such as voice, video, data via a single and centrally managed infrastructure. As organization is moving for the global business market, it is necessary for CHILLKART to adopt all these networking trends to be to attract numbers of employees and retain potential employees (Vahidnia, Palmer, Ledwich Ghosh, 2015), i.e. use of WAN using VPN and use of MPLS which is Layer 2 WAN. Nowadays companies are aimed to consolidate their data across the organization. Consolidating data from different terminal situated at remote location to a central data repository. This scenario helps when there is huge number of terminals get populated across the organization and authorities across the organization want access the log of the each system performance sitting at remote location. On the other hand Application optimization can speed up network performance along with the much security and improved application delivery. For example, the CHILLKART will be using the Cisco WAN optimization technique, then CHILLKART is bound to use the Cisco Application Services or the Cisco WAAS, which is an architectural solution that consists set of tools and techniques that will work together in a systematic approach to offer the best possible solution across the industry by reducing overall cost (Yan, Zhang Sun, 2015). Application optimization using WAN will provide numbers of advantage those are: Advanced and user experience by enhancing the range of bandwidth and reducing the latency. On the other hand routers are used to break the broadcast domain and connect different zones; in this case, Cisco routers give the best possible solution for the flexible deployment. Centralized management of data and managing operations in a centralized way to give opportunity to optimize the devices (Zhang Chen, 2012). Wan optimization design model: The design for WAN optimization for the remote sites needs to be based on the site-specific characteristics. The general topology used for several remote sites is almost same while there is a chance to use WAN. Characteristics of several WAN get cleared, when configuration of WAN router takes place. There are 3 WAN aggregation design models: MPLS Static MPLS Dynamic Dual MPLS The MPLS WAN-aggregation design involves two or more WAN edge routers. WAN edge routers are referred when it the context of making connection from sender to receiver. All of the WAN edge routers are connected into the LAN distribution layer (Zhang, Chi, Zhengbin Anshi, 2012). On the other hand the WAN transport options use the MPLS VPN considering it as a primary or secondary transport. Each of the transport connects to the dedicated CE router. Each of the design models uses connection of LAN as a collapsed distribution or core distribution layer or the dedicated distribution layer for WAN. WAN using the VPLS or the Virtual Private LAN Services: Ethernet has become the traditional way in the LAN technology and basically due to distance limitations of the available media and due to the unavailability of dedicated fibre or copper links. Layer 2 WAN transports are available from service providers and are able to extend various layers to control traffic of different types over a Wide Area Network. The most common use of Layer 2 WAN are in use to provide the Ethernet over WAN implementation using either point to multipoint or point to point service (Zhu, Zhang Mukherjee, 2005). Service providers across the industry are indulged to implement these Ethernet services using numbers of methods. There are numbers of network topologies are in use by the service providers, for example use of several Ethernet switches in various topologies, so that it became possible to provide services on Ethernet LAN2. This service is also known as metro Ethernet. Layer 2 WAN services supports a subscriber model in which service provider always stays clear and the organization implements routing form layer 3; this scenario on the other hand allows a more flexible WAN design and the interconnection between the remote sites (Cuda, Indre, Le Rouzic Roberts, 2012). On the other hand the point to point service allows the interconnection between two LANs. Point to multipoint LAN services allows the interconnection between more than two LANs. There are so many other services that include trunked and simple demarcation. With the help of trunk mode, the interconnection between LANs using 802.1Q VLANtagging that provide the transport of several VLANs on a single access truck. Use of internet with VPN WAN: The internet is an integration of large scale public WAN and multiple interconnected services providers are there. It has become possible for Internet to offer reliable highperformance connectivity between the various locations. Though it may lack any kind of clear guarantees for these kinds of connections, best effort services are available within the coverage area and the Internet is the best possible choice for the primary transport when it is not much feasible to transport via other medium. There are numbers of primary LAN service for WAN transport is there, for example use of Layer 2 WAN or use of MPLS are offered using Internet as an alternative transport options (Chtelain, Blanger, Tremblay, Gagnon Plant, 2011). Being connected with the Internet, it includes discussion close to the internet edge. Remotesite routers need to have internet connection as a common fact, though Internet connections do not provide services of same breadth at every location. There are numbers of secu rity reasons behind the routing of internet connections through the primary sites. Sometime industries across the world demand dedicated private connection with their client and they demand for the VPNs form the service provider. These VPNs are much secure than the publicly or openly used Internet connections such as use WiFi or easily accessible LAN service (Faro, Giordano Spampinato, 2011). Conclusion: With havoc use of internet there are numbers of functionalities have been used made it easy to communicate with the peers and to other systems by decreasing the cost of duplicate system resources. The demand for the WAN bandwidth continues to increase day by day. Nowadays recent trend is more leaning towards the use of Ethernet as the WAN access media, so that it can deliver data with high bandwidth. Even there are numbers of performance sensitive applications those can easily be affected by the packet loss, delay and jitter. It is the functions of the network foundation to provide the fault-tolerant and effective application that can differentiate the traffic and can make the system intelligent enough to take load sharing decisions while congestions occur in the network. On the other hand use of these resources have introduced have numbers of ethical dilemma. With the advent of application developers and networks administrator, numbers of intruder have introduced their presence. Eve n there are numbers of tools and applications have been introduced to steal customer data and they make illegal use of them. Hence numbers of methodologies have been adopted to restrict the illegal use of system resources and data. For example, imposing security mechanism at command level interface and or applying executive level security mechanism in routers will enable restriction on the unauthorized use of system resources. There are numbers of patches are available for the each system application and iso of the routers. While security mechanisms are concerned, there are numbers of security mechanisms are in use, those are namely use of encrypted passwords for each of the interface of the router. Being connected with each of these network infrastructures, each and every terminal or user equipment must require interface id and must contain their unique IP address to be known across the internet. On the other hand use of IPV6 addressing can also increase the network and capacity an d its tunnelling technique for transferring data from IPV4 router to IPV6 router is much more secure. All of these IP addresses are unique and these IP addresses are used to find the source and destination of some specific systems. There are numbers of adopted technologies and tools are there to let the employees or the security personal to be trained for the instalment of such devices that can provide the ultimate training and for new joiner and other less knowledgeable person to handle the network enabled devices more safely and effectively. References Chtelain, B., Blanger, M., Tremblay, C., Gagnon, F., Plant, D. (2011). Topological Wavelength Usage Estimation in Transparent Wide Area Networks. J. 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Estimating Freight Flows for Metropolitan Area Highway Networks Using Secondary Data Sources. Netw Spat Econ, 10(1), 73-91. doi:10.1007/s11067-007-9024-9 Hrehorowicz-Gaber, H. (2015). Role of green areas for space integration of Krakws Metropolitan Area. Bulletin Of Geography. Socio-Economic Series, 28(28). doi:10.1515/bog-2015-0016 Ismail, W., Said, I. (2015). Integrating the Community in Urban Design and Planning of Public Spaces: A Review in Malaysian Cities. Procedia - Social And Behavioral Sciences, 168, 357-364. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.10.241 Kliazovich, D., Granelli, F. (2011). Packet concatenation at the IP level for performance enhancement in wireless local area networks. Wireless Networks, 14(4), 519-529. doi:10.1007/s11276-006-0734-6 Kundu, P., Pradhan, A. (2015). Online identification of protection element failure using wide area measurements. 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Upstream access and local area networking in passive optical networks with a single reflective semiconductor optical amplifier. J. Opt. Netw., 7(5), 513. doi:10.1364/jon.7.000513 Vahidnia, A., Palmer, E., Ledwich, G., Ghosh, A. (2015). Wide-area control through aggregation of power systems. IET Generation, Transmission Distribution. doi:10.1049/iet-gtd.2014.1206 Yan, H., Zhang, Q., Sun, Y. (2015). Local information-based congestion control scheme for space delay/disruption tolerant networks. Wireless Networks. doi:10.1007/s11276-015-0911-6 Zhang, Y., Chen, J. (2012). Wide-area SCADA system with distributed security framework. J. Commun. Netw., 14(6), 597-605. doi:10.1109/jcn.2012.00025 Zhang, Z., Chi, Y., Zhengbin, L., Anshi, X. (2012). Dual-fiber optical burst switching network: A novel architecture for metropolitan area networks. Photon Netw Commun, 24(1), 47-57. doi:10.1007/s11107-011-0366-3 Zhu, K., Zhang, J., Mukherjee, B. (2011). Ethernet-over-SONET(EoS) over WDM in Optical Wide-Area Networks (WANs): Benefits and Challenges. Photon Netw Commun, 10(1), 107-118. doi:10.1007/s11107-005-1698-7